Dr. Jain identified NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO; also known as IKK gamma) as a disease susceptibility gene for ectodermal dysplasia with immune deficiency and has made seminal contributions to our understanding of how various NEMO mutations influence activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B and development of clinical phenotypes in patients. He has also undertaken novel preclinical and clinical investigations in patients with CD40 ligand deficiency and is a pioneer in targeted drug therapies for these patients.