Dr. Sime has made fundamental discoveries elucidating the pathophysiology of lung scarring and lung inflammation. Her research has focused on the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and important counter-regulatory pathways in controlling fibroblast activation. These pathways include the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma and its role in fibroblast differentiation and matrix regulation. Her recent work has elucidated a previously unrecognized role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in control of lung inflammation and immunity incited by a variety of stimuli. Overall, Dr. Sime's research focuses on identifying novel therapeutic targets for lung inflammatory and scarring diseases. Her goal is to translate these findings to develop new therapies for patients with currently untreatable inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases.